Arzhan-2 kurgan

Arzhan-2 is an archaeological site located in Tuva, Russia, which was discovered in 2001 by a team of Russian and German archaeologists. The site is the location of an ancient Scythian burial mound, dating back to the 7th century BCE, and is considered one of the most significant Scythian archaeological finds in recent history.

The mound at Arzhan-2 is the largest known Scythian tomb, measuring approximately 80 meters in diameter and 13 meters in height. It is believed to have been constructed for a Scythian chieftain or prince, as the burial contained an array of precious artifacts and an estimated 9,000 gold objects, including intricate jewelry and ornate weapons.

The discovery of Arzhan-2 has provided new insights into the culture and customs of the ancient Scythians, who were nomadic horsemen that inhabited the Eurasian steppe during the 1st millennium BCE. The artifacts found at the site suggest that the Scythians had a highly developed artistic and metallurgical tradition, with a sophisticated knowledge of goldsmithing and metalworking.

Among the most notable objects found at Arzhan-2 are a pair of gold deer statues, a gold belt with intricate animal motifs, and a gold headdress decorated with stylized animal figures. Other items include weapons such as swords, spears, and arrows, as well as horse harnesses, pottery, and clothing.

The discovery of Arzhan-2 has also shed light on the burial practices and beliefs of the Scythians. The burial chamber was constructed of large wooden planks and lined with felt and birch bark, with the body of the deceased placed in a wooden sarcophagus. The burial chamber was then covered with a layer of logs and earth, creating a massive burial mound.

Overall, the discovery of Arzhan-2 has greatly enhanced our understanding of the ancient Scythians, providing valuable insights into their culture, traditions, and beliefs. It stands as a testament to the rich and complex history of the Eurasian steppe, and the enduring legacy of one of the most fascinating and enigmatic civilizations of the ancient world.